Configurations [j*k][(j+1)*k]:
All configurations [j*k][(j+1)*k] where k>1 and j>1 seem to be multi-stable
and have optimal structures which are regular.
The structures have (k-1)*(j+1) lines of equal length connected to each point
forming (k-1) n-dimensional simplices, the quantity of which satisfy S(j,k,n)=
(j+1)^(n+1)*k!/((k-(n+1))!*(n+1)!).
The distance matches d(j,k)=(j+1)*k*sqrt(j*(j+1)/2)+(j+1)^2/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2).
The essential configuration is [j][j+1], which forms a j-simplex.
The coordinates of the structure can be written as a sum of k j-simplices of configuration
[j][j+1] where each simplex is located in j separate dimensions.
Below a number of these configurations are listed where the quantity of n-dimensional
simplices and numerical distances were calculated by the applet under law 1/R. Law 1/R^(n-1) which has a faster convergence will in most cases not produce optimal distances, so please switch it off;
[2*k][3*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k equilateral triangles where distances match:
d(2,k)=3*k*sqrt(3)+9/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [4][6]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 equilateral triangles and has
3 lines connected to each point with a total of 9 edges, succeeds about twice
every 3 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable
structures at distances 6*sqrt(3)+9*sqrt(2)=23.1202... and 23.1116....
- [6][9]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 3 equilateral triangles and has
6 lines connected to each point forming 27 edges and 27 triangular faces,
succeeds about once every 4 times. This configuration is multi-stable with
a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances 9*sqrt(3) + 27*sqrt(2)1=53.7722...
and 53.7636....
- [8][12]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 4 equilateral triangles and has
9 lines connected to each point forming 54 edges, 108 triangular faces and
81 tetrahedral cells, succeeds about once every 3 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances 12*sqrt(3)+54*sqrt(2)=97.1521...
and 97.1435....
James M. Gibbs1 found on 2-12-2002
this configurations has also another stable structure which is a sum of two
tetrahedra and one square at distance 52*sqrt(2) + 24*sqrt(2/3) + 4 = 97.13502....
The last being the least optimal structure has not been generated by the applet
yet.
- [10][15]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 5 equilateral triangles and has
12 lines connected to each point forming 90 edges, 270 triangular faces, 405
tetrahedral cells and 243 4D simplices, succeeds about once every 5 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at
distances 15*sqrt(3)+90*sqrt(2)=153.2599..., 153.2514 and 153.2228....
- [12][18]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 6 equilateral triangles and has
15 lines connected to each point forming 135 edges, 540 triangular faces and
1215 tetrahedral cells 1458 4D-simplices and 729 5D-simplices, succeeds about
once every 5 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 3
stable structures at distances 18*sqrt(3)+135*sqrt(2)=222.0957...,222.0871
and 222.0786....
- [14][21]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 7 equilateral triangles and has
18 lines connected to each point forming 189 edges, 945 triangular faces and
2835 tetrahedral cells, 5103 4D-simplices, 5103 5D-simplices and 2187 6D-simplices,
succeeds about once every 5 times. This configuration is multi-stable with
a minimum of 3 stable structures at distances 21*sqrt(3)+189*sqrt(2)=303.6594...,
303.6508... and 303.6423....
- [16][24]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 8 equilateral triangles and has
21 lines connected to each point forming 252 edges, 1512 triangular faces,
5670 tetrahedral cells, 13608 4D-simplices. 20412 5D-simplices, 17496 6D-simplices
and 6561 7D-simplices, succeeds about once every 2 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at distances 24*sqrt(3)+252*sqrt(2)=397.9510...,
397.9424... and 397.9339....
- [18][27]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 9 equilateral triangles and has
24 lines connected to each point forming 324 edges, 2268 triangular faces,
10206 tetrahedral cells, 30618 4D-simplices, 61236 5D-simplices, 78732 6D-simplices,
59049 7D-simplices and 19683 8D-simplices, succeeds about once every 8 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 4 stable structures at
distances 27*sqrt(3)+324*sqrt(2)=504.9705..., 504.9620... and 504.9534...
and 504.9448....
- [20][30]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 10 equilateral triangles and has
27 lines connected to each point forming 405 edges, 3240 triangular faces,
17010 tetrahedral cells, 61236 4D-simplices, 153090 5D-simplices, 262440 6D-simplices,
295245 7D-simplices, 196830 8D-simplices and 59049 9D-simplices, succeeds
about once every 10 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum
of 3 stable structures at distances 30*sqrt(3)+405*sqrt(2)=624.7180..., 624.7094...
and 624.7008....
[3*k][4*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k tetrahedra where distances match: d(3,k)=4*k*sqrt(6)+16/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [6][8]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 tetrahedra and has 4 lines connected
to each point forming 16 edges, succeeds about once every 2 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances 8*sqrt(6)
+ 16*sqrt(2)1=42.2233... and 42.2207....
- [9][12]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 3 tetrahedra and has 8 lines connected
to each point forming 48 edges and 64 triangular faces, succeeds about once
every 2 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable
structures at distances 12*sqrt(6)+48*sqrt(2)=97.2761... and 97.2735....
- [12][16]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 4 tetrahedra and has 12 lines connected
to each point forming 96 edges, 256 triangular faces and 256 tetrahedral cells,
succeeds about once every 5 times. This configuration is multi-stable with
a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances 16*sqrt(6)+96*sqrt(2)=174.9563...
and 174.9537....
- [15][20]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 5 tetrahedra and has 16 lines connected
to each point forming 160 edges, 640 triangular faces, 1280 tetrahedral cells
and 1024 4D-simplices, succeeds about once every 5 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at distances 20*sqrt(6)+160*sqrt(2)=275.2639...,
275.2613... and 275.2587....
- [18][24]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 6 tetrahedra and has 20 lines connected
to each point forming 240 edges, 1280 triangular faces, 3840 tertahedral cells
6144 4D-simplices, 4096 5D-simplices, succeeds about once every 3 times. This
configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances
24*sqrt(6)+240*sqrt(2)=398.1990... and 398.1964....
[4*k][5*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 4-simplices where distances match: d(4,k)=5*k*sqrt(10)+25/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [8][10]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 4D-simplices and has 5 lines
connected to each point forming 25 edges, succeeds about once every 2 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at
distances 10*sqrt(10)+25*sqrt(2)=66.9781... and 66.9769....
- [12][15]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 3 4D-simplices and has 10 lines
connected to each point forming 75 edges and 125 triangular faces, succeeds
about once every 5 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum
of 3 stable structures at distances 15*sqrt(10)+75*sqrt(2)=153.5001..., 153.4990...
and 153.4973....
- [16][20]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 4 4D-simplices and has 15 lines
connected to each point forming 150 edges, 500 triangular faces and 625 tetrahedral
cells, succeeds about once every 5 times. This configuration is multi-stable
with a minimum of 3 stable structures at distances 20*sqrt(10)+150*sqrt(2)=275.3775...,
275.3764... and 275.3726....
- [20][25]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 5 4D-simplices and has 20 lines
connected to each point forming 250 edges, 1250 triangular faces, 3125 tetrahedral
cells and 3125 4D-simplices, succeeds about once every 8 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at distances 25*sqrt(10)+250*sqrt(2)=432.6103...,
432.6092... and 432.6080....
[5*k][6*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 5-simplices where distances match: d(5,k)=6*k*sqrt(15)+36/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [10][12]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 5D-simplices and has 6 lines
connected to each point forming 36 edges, succeeds about once every 2 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at
distances 12*sqrt(15)+36*sqrt(2)=97.3874... and 97.3868....
- [15][18]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 3 5D-simplices and has 12 lines
connected to each point forming 108 edges and 216 triangular faces, succeeds
about once every 2 times. This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum
of 2 stable structures at distances 18*sqrt(15)+108*sqrt(2)=222.4487... and
222.4481....
- [20][24]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 4 5D-simplices and has 18 lines
connected to each point forming 216 edges, 864 triangular faces and 1296 tetrahedral
cells, succeeds about once every 2 times. This configuration is multi-stable
with a minimum of 2 stable structures at distances 24*sqrt(15)+216*sqrt(2)=398.4217...
and 398.4211....
[6*k][7*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 6-simplices where distances match: d(6,k)=7*k*sqrt(21)+49/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [12][14]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 6D-simplices and has 7 lines
connected to each point forming 49 edges, succeeds about once every 5 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at
distances 14*sqrt(21)+49*sqrt(2)=133.4525..., 133.4521... and 133.4217....
- [18][21]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 3 6D-simplices and has 14 lines
connected to each point forming 147 edges, 343 triangular faces and an unknown
no. of 3D-17D non-simplices, succeeds about once every 3 times. This configuration
is multi-stable with a minimum of 5 stable structures at distances 21*sqrt(21)+147*sqrt(2)=304.1234...,
304.1231..., 304.1225..., 304.1219... and 304.1186....
[7*k][8*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 7-simplices where distances match: d(7,k)=7*k*sqrt(28)+64/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [14][16]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 7D-simplices and has 8 lines
connected to each point forming 64 edges, succeeds about once every 5 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 4 stable structures at
distances 16*sqrt(28)+64*sqrt(2)=175.1737..., 175.1734..., 175.1727 and 175.1713....
[8*k][9*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 8-simplices where distances match: d(8,k)=8*k*sqrt(36)+81/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [16][18]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 8D-simplices and has 9 lines
connected to each point forming 81 edges, succeeds about once every 2 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at
distances 18*sqrt(36)+81*sqrt(2)=225.5512..., 225.5511... and 225.5506....
[9*k][10*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 9-simplices where distances match: d(9,k)=9*k*sqrt(45)+100/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [18][20]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 9D-simplices and has 10 lines
connected to each point forming 100 edges, succeeds about once every 3 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 2 stable structures at
distances 20*sqrt(45)+100*sqrt(2)=275.5854... and 275.5849....
[10*k][11*k] configurations:
The optimal structures are sums of k 10-simplices where distances match: d(10,k)=10*k*sqrt(55)+121/2*k*(k-1)*sqrt(2)
- [20][22]
the optimal structure of which is a sum of 2 10D-simplices and has 11 lines
connected to each point forming 121 edges, succeeds about once every 8 times.
This configuration is multi-stable with a minimum of 3 stable structures at
distances 22*sqrt(55)+121*sqrt(2)=334.2762..., 334.2761... and 334.2758....
1 James
M. Gibbs has made valuable contributions regarding the nature of specific
structures found.
2003, Symen H. Hovinga
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